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Apache最新官方配置文件中文版
## Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.#參照NCSA服務(wù)器的配置文件，原版由Rob McCool發(fā)布## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/> for detailed information about# the directives.#這是Apache server的主配置文件. 它包含配置指令，來指示服務(wù)器#請參考 http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0 了解關(guān)于指令的詳細(xì)信息# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.#不要僅僅是閱讀本指令，而應(yīng)該理解指令做了什么。在這里僅起提示的作用。#如果你不清楚請參閱在線文檔。特別提示# The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:#配置文件批令分為三個基本組# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment'.# 1. 控制Apache server的全局操作的指令(全局環(huán)境變量).# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 2.配置主服務(wù)或者默認(rèn)服務(wù)的指令，它針對那些被虛擬主機以外的請求作出響應(yīng).# 它也包含虛擬主機的一些默認(rèn)參數(shù)# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.# 3. 虛擬主機設(shè)置，這使得發(fā)往不同的ip或者主機名的請求可以被子同一個Apache服務(wù)# 器處理# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2" will be interpreted by the# server as "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log".#配置和日志文件名：如果你所指定的文件名以”/”（在Win32中以盤符：/）開頭，服務(wù)器將以絕對路徑來處理。如果不以”/”開頭，則以相對于ServerRoot不解釋，所以對于logs/foo.log來講，當(dāng)ServerRoot為"C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2”時，則指的是C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log文件# NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:/apache".注意，在文件名的定義中，必須用正斜杠，而不是反斜杠，如c:/apache而不是c:/apache# If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which Apache.exe is located# will be used by default. It is recommended that you always supply# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths, however, to avoid# confusion.#如果省略了盤符，則以Apache.exe所在的盤符為默認(rèn)值建議在絕對路徑中永遠(yuǎn)使用顯式的盤符，這樣有助于消除誤解
### Section 1: Global Environment#第一部分全局環(huán)境## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it# can find its configuration files.#本部分的指令將影響整個Apache服務(wù)器，例如它所能處理的并發(fā)請求數(shù)或者它在哪里能夠找到其配置文件
## ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's# configuration, error, and log files are kept.# ServerRoot: 服務(wù)器的配置，錯誤和日志文件的根目錄# NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>;# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.#注意：如果將其保存到NFS上或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)上mounted的文件系統(tǒng)上，然后應(yīng)該閱讀LockFile文檔，http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile，將能解決你的很多麻煩.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.#不要在目錄的末尾加上斜杠ServerRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2"ServerRoot:根目錄## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.# If unspecified (the default), the scoreboard will be stored in an# anonymous shared memory segment, and will be unavailable to third-party# applications.ScoreBoardFile: 保存服務(wù)器內(nèi)部的處理信息如果未定議(默認(rèn)狀態(tài))，scoreboard將被保存在匿名的共享內(nèi)存段中，并且對于第三方來講，是不可獲得的# If specified, ensure that no two invocations of Apache share the same# scoreboard file. The scoreboard file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.#如果已定義，應(yīng)確保Apache的兩個調(diào)用不能共享同一個scoreboard. Scoreboard文件必須存放在可分配的磁盤上#ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_runtime_status
## PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process# identification number when it starts.#PidFile:當(dāng)服務(wù)器起努時，服務(wù)器需要將其進程ID號存放在此文件中PidFile logs/httpd.pid
## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.#Timeout:接收和發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的超時設(shè)置，秒數(shù)Timeout 300
## KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive: 是否支持持久聯(lián)接（而不是每個請求建一個連接）,設(shè)off關(guān)閉此功能KeepAlive On
## MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests:在持久連接期間，所允許的最大請求數(shù)量。設(shè)為0表示不作限制建議設(shè)為較高的數(shù)，以提高性能MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
## KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout:在同一個客戶連接中，等待下一個請求的等待時間。KeepAliveTimeout 15
#### Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)## 常規(guī)Server-Pool服務(wù)器池的大小(每分鐘M數(shù))
# WinNT MPM WinNT 的MPM# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in the server processThreadPerChild:服務(wù)器進程中工作的線程數(shù)量# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves每個服務(wù)進程的最大請求數(shù)<IfModule mpm_winnt.c>ThreadsPerChild 250MaxRequestsPerChild 0</IfModule>
## Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost># directive.#Listen:允許你將Apache綁定到指定的IP地址或端口，而不是默認(rèn)端口，請同時參考<VirtualHost>指令# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses (0.0.0.0)#像下面那樣指定偵聽的IP地址，防止Apache搶占所有綁定的IP地址#Listen 12.34.56.78:80Listen 80
## Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support#動態(tài)共享對象支持DSO# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l' do not need# to be loaded here.#為了能夠使用模塊功能，模塊通常以DSO的方式構(gòu)建，你應(yīng)該在下面使用LoadModule行，使得能夠在使用前獲得指令的功能。靜態(tài)編譯模塊（在httpd-1中所列舉的）不需要在此裝載# Example:# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so#LoadModule access_module modules/mod_access.soLoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.soLoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.soLoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.soLoadModule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so#LoadModule auth_anon_module modules/mod_auth_anon.so#LoadModule auth_dbm_module modules/mod_auth_dbm.so#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.soLoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so#LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.soLoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.soLoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.soLoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so#LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.soLoadModule imap_module modules/mod_imap.soLoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.soLoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.soLoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.soLoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.soLoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.soLoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.soLoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
## ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus# Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#擴展?fàn)顟B(tài)控制Apache是否產(chǎn)生完整的狀態(tài)信息（設(shè)為on產(chǎn)生全部），如果設(shè)為Off則產(chǎn)生基本的信息，當(dāng)與server-status頭有關(guān)，默認(rèn)值為Off#ExtendedStatus On
### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#第二部分：主服務(wù)配置# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a# <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.#本節(jié)中指令的設(shè)置值，將被主服務(wù)所使用，主服務(wù)響應(yīng)那些沒有被<VirtualHost>所處理的請求，這些值也為<VirtualHost>容器提供了默認(rèn)值，你可以在后面的文件中定義# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.所有這些指令將出現(xiàn)在<VirtualHost>容器中，這些設(shè)定值將在定義virtual host時被覆寫。#
## ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com# ServerAdmin：你的地址，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)故障時，可以給你發(fā)email。此地址出現(xiàn)在那些由服務(wù)器生成的頁面上，如出錯文檔。例如：admin@your-domain.comServerAdmin webmaster@moers.com
## ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.#ServerNaem定義了server名稱和端口號，用以標(biāo)明自己的身份。通?？梢宰詣佣x，建議顯式地定義，避免起動時出錯# If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated# redirections will not work. See also the UseCanonicalName directive.#如果沒有正確定義主機的DNS,服務(wù)器產(chǎn)生的重定向?qū)⒉粫ぷ?，同時參考UseCanonicalName指令。# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make# redirections work in a sensible way.#如果你沒有注冊DNS名字，請在這里輸入IP地址。你可以在任何情況下使用ip地址，這也使用得重定向變得敏感ServerName www.moers.com:80
## UseCanonicalName: Determines how Apache constructs self-referencing# URLs and the SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT variables.# When set "Off", Apache will use the Hostname and Port supplied# by the client. When set "On", Apache will use the value of the# ServerName directive.#UseCanonicalName:決定Apaceh如何構(gòu)建自定參考URL,和SERVER_NAME及SERVER_PORT變量當(dāng)設(shè)為Off時，Apache將使用客戶端給出的域名和端口。當(dāng)設(shè)為On時，Apache將使用ServerName指令UseCanonicalName Off
## DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot:服務(wù)器文檔放置目錄。在默認(rèn)情形下，所有的請求都從這里開始，除了記號和別名將改指它處以外。DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/htdocs"
## Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that# directory (and its subdirectories).#每個可供Apache訪問的目錄，可以配置成允許或禁止哪些服務(wù)和特征（包括其子目錄）# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of# features.#首先，我們定義一個默認(rèn)的非常嚴(yán)格的配置<Directory />Options FollowSymLinksAllowOverride None</Directory>
## Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.#注意，從這一點往前，你必須許可某些特殊的功能，所以如果某些功能未能如你所愿，要確保你在在下述中啟用了該功能。
## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.# 這將改變你對DocumentRoot的設(shè)置<Directory "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/htdocs">
## Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",# or any combination of:可能的值為None,All或者任意組合# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews# 索引包括FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#注意MultiViews被顯式地Options All,# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options# for more information.#選項指令既復(fù)雜又重要，請參閱http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options了解詳情Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
## AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit#AllowOverride 控制什么指令能夠加入到.htaccess中，可以是All,None,或者組合關(guān)鍵字AllowOverride None
## Controls who can get stuff from this server.#控制誰可以可以訪問此服務(wù)Order allow,denyAllow from all
</Directory>
## UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home# directory if a ~user request is received. Be especially careful to use# proper, forward slashes here. On Windows NT, "Personal/My Website"# is a more appropriate choice.# UserDir: 用戶的home的名稱，當(dāng)接到到~user的請求時。請小心正確使用”/”. 在WinNT上，”Personal/My Website”是更合適的選擇UserDir "My Documents/My Website"
## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example# for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.#控制UserDir目錄，以下是一個例子，這個目錄是只讀的# You must correct the path for the root to match your system's configured# user directory location, e.g. "C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website"# or whichever, as appropriate.#你必須更正root目錄，與系統(tǒng)設(shè)置相配，如用戶目錄是C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website或者其它合適的#<Directory "C:/Documents and Settings/*/My Documents/My Website"># AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit# Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# <Limit GET POST OPTIONS PROPFIND># Order allow,deny# Allow from all# </Limit># <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS PROPFIND># Order deny,allow# Deny from all# </LimitExcept>#</Directory>
## DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory# is requested.#DirectoryIndex: Apache服務(wù)器將要以一個目錄的形式響應(yīng)服務(wù)# The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content-# negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the# same purpose, but it is much slower.#index.html變量文件（一種映射）將直接傳送內(nèi)容。MultiViews選項可以用于同樣的目的，但是要慢得多DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var
## AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory# for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride# directive.#AccessFileName: 用來查找各個目錄下額外的配置指令的配置文件名，同時參考AllowOverride(允許重載)指令#AcceAccessFileName .htaccess
## The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being# viewed by Web clients.#下面兩行，阻址Web客戶端訪問 .htaccess和htpasswd(訪問設(shè)定和密碼)的文件#<Files ~ "^/.ht">Order allow,denyDeny from all</Files>
## TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is# to be found.# TypesConfig，描述在何處找到mime型別TypesConfig conf/mime.types
## DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.如果服務(wù)器不能確定文檔的型別，將使用默認(rèn)的MIME型別,例如根據(jù)擴展名# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are# text.#如果你的服務(wù)器主要包括text/html文檔，”text/plain”就是一個好的取值。如果你的大多數(shù)內(nèi)容是binary(二進制)的，如應(yīng)用程序或圖片，你可能希望使用application/octet-stream，使得瀏覽器試圖顯示二進制數(shù)據(jù)，盡管它們是文本DefaultType text/plain
## The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic模塊，允許服務(wù)器根據(jù)內(nèi)容提示來識別文件型別。MIMEMagicFile指令告知模塊“內(nèi)容提示”應(yīng)到何處找。<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c>MIMEMagicFile conf/magic</IfModule>
## HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the# nameserver.HostNameLookups: 客戶日志或者僅其IP地址，如www.apache.org(on) 或者204.62.129.132(off).默認(rèn)為值設(shè)為off比較好，如果希望將此置為on將意味著第一次客戶請求都至少要查詢一次nameserver.#HostnameLookups Off
## EnableMMAP: Control whether memory-mapping is used to deliver# files (assuming that the underlying OS supports it).# The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted# filesystems. On some systems, turning it off (regardless of# filesystem) can improve performance; for details, please see# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#enablemmap# EnableMMAP: 控制是否通過內(nèi)存映射的方式傳送文件(須得操作系統(tǒng)支持)默認(rèn)值為on; 如果你使用NSF加載的文件系統(tǒng)（通常在linux下）,應(yīng)置為off. 在某些系統(tǒng)上，置off,不管使用什么文件系統(tǒng)，能夠提高效率，詳細(xì)情況，請參閱文檔#EnableMMAP off
## EnableSendfile: Control whether the sendfile kernel support is# used to deliver files (assuming that the OS supports it).# The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted# filesystems. Please see# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core....#enablesendfile# EnableSendfile: 控制內(nèi)核傳送文件是否支持（需要OS支持）。默認(rèn)為on,如果使用NFS,則使用off#EnableSendfile off
## ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost># container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost># container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.#ErrorLog: 出錯日志文件如果你想為虛擬主機定義Errorlog指令，則該虛擬主機的錯誤信息將被記錄到這里ErrorLog logs/error.log
## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error.log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,# alert, emerg.# LogLever: 日志等級，（與log4j相似，譯者注），決定哪些級別的出錯信息將被記錄，如debug,info,notice,warn,error, crit，alert,emerg等，在設(shè)定級別以上的信息就會被記錄(譯者注).LogLevel warn
## The following directives define some format nicknames for use with# a CustomLog directive (see below).# 日志格式(與log4j相似)LogFormat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b /"%{Referer}i/" /"%{User-Agent}i/"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O#LogFormat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b /"%{Referer}i/" /"%{User-Agent}i/" %I %O" combinedio